HANDOUT FOR NOV. 7: ROME AND THE GREEKS

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Censor: Roman magistrate in charge of enforcing public morals.

Chronology:

c.280-275: Gauls attack Greece, pillage Delphi, settle in Galatia in Asia Minor.

247: Rise of Parthian kingdom in eastern Iran.

234-149: Cato the Elder, famous censor and moralist.

200-196: Philip V of Macedon defeated by Romans; Rome proclaims "freedom of the Greeks."

c.198-118: Polybius writes History explaining rise of Rome, covering 264-146 BC.

186: Senate investigates and outlaws cult of Bacchus (Dionysus).

175-163: Antiochus IV, Seleucid king of Syria.

168: Final victory over Macedonia, which becomes Roman province. Meanwhile, Roman envoys literally draw a "line in the sand" and force Antiochus IV to withdraw from Egypt.

168-164: Antiochus attempts to forcibly Hellenize Jews; Maccabees ("Hammers") revolt and establish independent kingdom.

161: The newly-independent kingdom of Judaea allies with Rome.

161: Senate orders expulsion of all philosophers from Rome.

146: Corinth (Greece) and Carthage both destroyed. Greece becomes Roman province.

141: Parthians conquer Iran and Mesopotamia; Seleucid kingdom reduced to Syria.

139: Senate orders expulsion of astrologers from Rome.

133: Attalus of Pergamum bequeaths his kingdom to the Romans; it becomes Roman province of Asia.

88-66: War with Mithridates of Pontus, who conspired to massacre Roman civilians in Asia. Finally defeated by Pompey. Syria becomes Roman province.

53: Roman army clashes with Parthians at Carrhae in Syria.

30 BC: With death of Cleopatra VII, Egypt becomes Roman province.